Frothers xa mus rau ib chav kawm ntawm surfactants muaj peev xwm txo qis qhov nro ntawm cov dej los tsim ua npuas dej, yog li ua kom muaj cua npuas nyob rau hauv ib qho aerated flotation pulp kom ua raws li cov pob zeb hauv av xaiv rau flotation.
Cov qauv molecular ntawm frothers bears zoo ib yam li cov neeg sau khoom; feem ntau yog amphipathic surfactants uas muaj ob qho tib si polar thiab tsis yog -polar functional pawg.
Ib qho kawg ntawm cov molecule nta ib pawg polar, thaum lwm qhov kawg nta ib pawg tsis yog -polar. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm collectors, pawg polar yog affinic rau cov khib nyiab (minerals), whereas lub non- pawg polar yog affinic rau huab cua.
Hloov pauv, pawg polar ntawm frothers yog hydrophilic (dej{0}}hlub), thaum lawv tsis yog - pawg polar yog aerophilic (air{2}}hlub). Los ntawm kev taw qhia lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej - huab cua interface, lawv txo qhov nro ntawm cov dej, yog li ua rau cov nyhuv foaming. Cov tebchaw no tau muab faib ua ntau yam tsis yog- ionic thiab ionic hom; ntawm lawv, tsis yog - ionic surfactants feem ntau ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm tag nrho. Tsis yog- ionic frothers feem ntau tsis muaj cov khoom sib sau, qhov ionic frothers feem ntau muaj peev xwm sau tau ntxiv rau lawv txoj haujlwm ua npuas dej.
Frothers muaj peev xwm adsorption muaj zog ntawm cov pa roj- dej interface; Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, superior frothers tsis adsorb rau cov pob zeb hauv av. Feem ntau cov frothers txo qhov nro ntawm cov dej, txhim kho cov huab cua dispersion nyob rau hauv lub pulp thiab influencing qhov loj ntawm huab cua npuas tsim nyob rau hauv; tshwj xeeb, raws li qhov loj thiab qhov ntom ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av uas tab tom flotation nce, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov loj ntawm cov pa npuas yuav tsum sib npaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov npuas no tseem nyob ruaj khov, tiv thaiv npuas coalescence thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim cov pob zeb ua npuas ncauj txheej uas yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo flotation ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub pulp.
Lub cim ntawm huab cua npuas nyob rau hauv ib tug flotation pulp yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm aeration thiab agitation mechanisms incorporated rau hauv lub flotation cov cuab yeej, nrog rau ntxiv ntawm ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm frothers mus rau lub pulp.
Frothers yog, los ntawm txhais, surfactants; lawv cov qauv molecular muaj cov uas tsis yog-polar, lipophilic (hydrophobic) cov pab pawg ua haujlwm thiab cov polar, hydrophilic (lipophobic) cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, yog li tsim ib qho li -hu ua "amphiphilic structure"- cov molecule muaj affinity rau dej thiab roj. Cov pab pawg lipophilic tej zaum yuav yog ib pawg aliphatic, alicyclic, los yog muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon pawg-los yog ib pab pawg uas muaj heteroatoms xws li oxygen lossis nitrogen. Cov pawg hydrophilic feem ntau muaj cov moieties xws li carboxyl, sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphonic acid, amino, nitrile, thiol, halogen, lossis ether pawg.
Thaum tus neeg sawv cev foaming ntxiv rau hauv dej, cov pab pawg hydrophilic ntxig lawv tus kheej mus rau hauv cov dej theem thaum cov lipophilic pawg ntxig lawv tus kheej mus rau hauv cov roj theem (lossis taw qhia lawv tus kheej mus rau saum huab cua), yog li tsim ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm lub interface lossis nto; Qhov kev npaj no ua rau txo qis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam los yog nto nro. Feem ntau hais lus, cov tshuaj aqueous uas muaj txawm tias ib feeb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev foaming yuav nthuav tawm cov khoom ua npuas ncauj.
